Urban malaria in sub-Saharan Africa: dynamic of the vectorial system and the entomological inoculation rate

Malaria Journal

Table 2 Type of breeding habitats found with anopheline larvae in urban settings across sub-Saharan Africa

	Type of breeding site	West Africa	References	Central Africa	References	East Africa	References
Artificial	Urban farms	10	[12, 13, 18, 21, 26, 28, 154,155,156,157]			4	[27, 158,159,160]
	Tyre tracks	4	[18, 28, 161, 162]	1	[19]	6	[22, 158, 160, 163,164,165]
	Drains/gutter	4	[154, 159, 162, 166]	4	[19, 167,168,169]	5	[170, 158, 159, 164, 165]
	Swimming pool	1	[21]			4	[22, 27, 159, 171]
	Pools	4	[161, 162, 166, 172]	1	[168]	5	[160, 164, 165, 173, 174]
	Polluted water	3	[13, 18, 155]	1	[19]	1	[175]
	Pipes	1	[13]			2	[176, 177]
	Dam	1	[155]	1	[178]
	Brick holes	1	[155]
	Domestic containers	2	[162, 166]	2	[19, 168]	3	[163, 165, 179]
	Footsprint			2	[19, 167]	2	[163, 165]
	Ditches/pits	1	[154]	1	[169]	4	[163,164,165, 174]
	Rice paddies			1	[180]	2	[163, 165]
	Puddles	1	[154]	2	[19, 169]	4	[159, 164, 173]
	Holes					1	[164]
	Canoes			2	[168, 169]
Total		33		18		43
Natural	Swamps	3	[28, 154, 155]	1	[19]	4	[159, 160, 163, 164]
	Streams/rivers/lagoon	6	[21, 154, 156, 161, 32, 181]	1	[182]	3	[159, 164, 173]
	Ponds	1	[161]	2	[178, 183]	1	[159]
	Well	1	[13]	1	[168]
	Ground water/springs					2	[27, 158]
	Tree holes			2	[166, 168]	1	[184]
	Clay soil	1	[21]			1	[27]
	Flood plain/ravine	1	[155]			1	[171]
Total		13		7		13

ISSN: 1475-2875